Pine Bluff is the largest city and county seat of Jefferson County, Arkansas. It has a population of 50,667 as of 2007 and ranks as the 7th most populous city in the state. Pine Bluff is on the Arkansas River and the community was named for a bluff along the said river. The University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff is located here. It is also where Pine Bluff Arsenal, a major site for the demolition of chemical weapons, is located.

Agriculture is a mainstay in Pine Bluff. Jefferson County is located in the heart of a rich agricultural area in the Arkansas River Basin. The leading products include cotton, soybeans, cattle, rice, poultry, timber and catfish. Principal industries in the area are engaged in processing cotton; production of cottonseed oil, paper and wood products; the manufacture of wire products; poultry processing; the manufacture of electric transformers; and metal fabrication. It is the large number of paper mills in the area that gives Pine Bluff its distinctive odor, a feature known prominently among Arkansans. Major area employers include Jefferson Regional Medical Center, Simmons First National Corp., Tyson Foods, Evergreen Packaging, the Pine Bluff Arsenal and Union Pacific Railroad.